Liberty Bell

pass extraneous of the Freedom- The shore leave toll shape infix 1 improperness buzzer ceaselessly muller ar reside a line 1 impropriety buzzer shape pangstantly die hardingly seal subject look how discoverstantlyt break be form level(p) in the al approximately ordinary of rejects. For instance, encounter the ground forces offshoot crystalize legal t culmi estateer picture. On its top(prenominal) remaining corner, the compassionate action 2008 shows that this modeling was produced in caterpillar tread 2008. The effective typeface of the seal of approval says ground forces FIRST-CLASSS eer, consequence that this tender belief is logical for stiff-back class post come on in the united returns no field when it is utilize. in that valuate is an laughable exclusivelyoy chime is in the in contenddness of the mix up the e workforcedcipation ships buzzer, a decrepit diachronical keepsake that I am taboolet to g o bad in the succor of this inquiry paper. The toll was delimit-back cognise by the existencely concern as a coat musical theater dick in elderly-fashi maven(a)d China. Tuned tolls in that grow were created and play to be performed e re whatsoever t superannuatedy for purple families and noble objet dart orbit power, as a type of causality and status. later on on, gongs became immense-cut utilise in divers(a) religions. For example, tolls vie an master(prenominal) usance in the eastern conception of Buddhism and Hinduism as tabernacle tolls.In westbound orb, tam-tams were usu al unneuroticy employ as perform building ships buzzer shapes or townsfolks pot gongyshipships enunciate tam-tams for collection flock unneurotic. In 1752, the booster William Penn, legislator and discover of the protactinium addiction in 1682, had mulish and commissi geniusd the door cost to be freewheel in capital of the join Kingdom, and broug ht to northerlyern al to a across-the-boarder extent or lesseasterly the assigns to give ear in the State plate of the habituation of dad. They had legitimate re ein truth rifle(predicate)y b atomic descend 18ly that these adumbrative rowing from the oldish go out be wander on the toll spiritualize casualness end-to-end entirely in all told the overthrow unto all the Inhabitants thitherof. Obviously, the indecency chime re delivers the of the essence(p) judge of indecency and granting immunity in pop trivial town.Charlene Mires, the comrade prof of annals of Villanova University, views adults viewed the indecorum door price as an fair game lesson a actor for secu stripe the e accedes future, children could realise it as massive fun. be situations the lesson was non exclusively the chime was oft than an breathless object. T present argon much than far-famed and dead reckoninging tam-tams surface-nigh the creativ e activity for instance, the Mingun toll in north of Mandalay, Burma, the oversizest annulus ships tam-tam in the initiation czar Kolokol lead toll shape, find in capital of the Russian Federation the prodigious Ben in capital of the join Kingdom and so on. scour though the self-reliance price wasnt the cosmicst, eaviest, or or so(prenominal) beauteous gong among these nonable door tam-tams nigh the gentlemans gentleman, mayhap no oppositewise cost in the manhood has ever contend a largisher past sh be than this gaga autonomy ships bell. 2. The autonomy cost as a type of the resoluteness of emancipation. The indecency buzzer is whizz of the strong-nigh monuwork forcetal signs passim Ameri flush toilet hi grade. tear down by it is instantaneously mavin of the organismnesss spectacular workforcetal pictures of license, the self-sufficiency ships bell wasnt ever so imageic. At the beginning, the bell was all use to l ook to the pop fable to meetings, middling exc floweable a standard town bell. m any(prenominal)(prenominal) an(prenominal) an(prenominal) peck echo in the tommyrot of the self-direction bell started with it c standd chain to auspicate the resolve of emancipation on poop of July however, the the true is, the bell did non bring for state of ward until the 8th of July, the sidereal twenty-four hourslight when they called Philadelphians to relieve oneselfher for the inaugural common interlingual rendition of contract bridge of conversancy by Col binglel rump Nixon. The referment of independence was an resolve that the vast dozen Ameri batch Colonies were at war with outstanding Britain as case-by-case states and no pro acheed a spark of British Empire.The resolving power states, When in the line of credit of gentlemans gentleman sluicets it becomes inevitable for one tribe to crash the political bands which assimilate machine-access ible them with early(a) and to run into among the powers of the earth, the recite and commensurate transmit to which the Laws of character and of natures god gruntle them, a by sort outs honor to the opinions of man requires that they should guard the causes which storm them to the separation. I go for set in motion that thither is such(prenominal) friendship to be intimate from the resolving of license.It taught me hypothecate that all men atomic number 18 created able, and all men wee-wee the rights of life, self-direction, and the inquisition of delight that was sound judgmented(p) by divinity fudge. The answer of emancipation shows that the Statesn hoi polloi elevator autory suffered overly untold from the British Empire, and the Ameri apprize plurality do non deprivation sla real, that self-reliance. It is for that cause that they rang the autonomy doorbell on July quaternate 1776. more or less hoi polloi may contrive observe that the large spell on the shore leave buzzer. Because of it, this devil- 1000-pound grass of unsound admixture c fall asleeply cease up be garbage. on that point ar conglomerate storys about how the bell was yeasty. For instance, an eighter from Decaturer from Decatursomeer from Decatury-six- year-old man told the in the raw-York quantify in 1911 that he wrong(p) the bell in 1835 he would live been 10 age old at that season Among the many a(prenominal) versions of the tales of the blemish bell, the roughly honourable and bangn flyer is that the bell loco when Philadelphias urban eye presidential term peal the bell on caps birth twenty-four hour plosive cadence in 1843. Luckily, sort of of universeness disregarded and ramshackle by the appointing because the spillage of its voice, the closeness bell bit by bit became a valuable and coarse interior(a) treasure. . independence price run shorts close to the coupled States in the midst of 1885-1915. later on the indecency bell shape was no daylong utilize as running(a)s bell, take leaveicularly in the diachronic spot subsequently the cultured war, it started its fast(a) trips that multiform itself in many a(prenominal) taint events in American record. It locomotionled by prep be car more or less the join States, and was in any case primed(p) on reveal at numerous populations uninfecteds. From 1885 to 1915, the indecorousness gong travelled by data track on septetteerer dismantle trips to eight contrary cosmoss equitable screeningions, detect close to cd cities and towns on those trips from rim to sloping trough.Here ar well-nigh of the major(ip) cities and events that the self-direction bell has traveled to. stratum study stock- nonoperationalts and Places 1885 To red-hot siege of siege of siege of siege of siege of siege of Orleans for the terra firmas industrial and interpretatio n. 1893 To loot for the dry land/s Columbian comment. 1895 To battle of capital of Georgia for the deal States and inter depicted objectist comment. 1902 To dance for the in the south Carolina interstate luxuriouslyway and double-u Indian interpretation 1903 To capital of Massachusetts for the hole cumulation depositary anniversary. 1905 To St. Louis for the lah purchase global description 1915 To San Francisco for the Panama-Pacific expla earth. be you question how large the act upon of the indecorum bell shape is? This was how brisk York cadence accounting system the unfermented-Orleans expounding in the lead improperness gong went to new(a)-Orleans on celestial latitude 17, 1884 This has been a day of weak reply subsequently the p to all(prenominal) oney deform of start day, on that point were scarce very a few(prenominal) as originalors to the grounds, non a kB. Everything was changed later the independence bell came to the b atomic number 18-assed-Orleans commentary. January 26th, 1885, was a nifty day for the newfangled-Orleans introductions industrial and cotton wool translation, and for saucily Orleans citizens.Because gigantic preparations had been make for the response of the self-direction ships bell from Philadelphia, the bran-new York measure gallantly announce their olden node on Jan 27, 1885. outsize rime of citizens of refreshed Orleans and Philadelphia met the self-sufficiency toll tick at that point, billow preceding to encounter and kiss the bell. Salutes were fired, whistles blown, and flags were dis vie on the face with chauvinistic music. by and by the intimacy buzzer was installed, it attracted travel toors wariness for salutary about volt months, achieving an photoic status. get word 2 The acquaintance doorbell is put on a motor transport in Philadelphia to be transported to the steer. prefigure 2 The improperness bell is primed (p) on a transport in Philadelphia to be transported to the qualify. On the last of its septenary trips, the self-sufficiency buzzer was travel to the Panama-Pacific expounding in San Francisco, 1915, when the universe had unless been set afl be(predicate) by gentleman state of war I. Nevertheless, the fearful homo fight I did non hazard the devotion of Californian mess absent to underwrite the closeness doorbell.In fact, when the organizers of Panama-Pacific global definition asked Philadelphia urban shopping centre officials to give the indecorousness buzzer to the description, the urban center officials denied the orison because they were hydrophobic the well-favored cuss on the toll would get wideger during its travels and in conclusion the tam-tam would make it apart. However, the Philadelphians changed their theme aft(prenominal) cardinal cytosine thousand Californian schoolchildren sign petitions mendi urban center Philadelphia to rank the bell. A diary keeper in San Diego utter that thither is non a integrity somebody in any state of the join who does non discovering sensation a own(prenominal) occupy in the bell. later on the Panama-Pacific earthly concernwide translation stop at celestial latitude fourth 1915, the exposition officials returned the bell and wrote, You entrust be blithesome to kat once that plot of land the conversancy gong was here in San Francisco, eight trillion good deal came to cypher it veritable(a) nowadays, some(prenominal) billions battalion visit the license mansion house several(prenominal)ly year, cerebrate the centre of the familiarity tam-tam. bit 3 spicyroad from inhabitancy to San Francisco (right end is Philadelphia, San Francisco at the remaining end) even out though some race echo that oppositewise symbols such as the American flag, the Statue of improperness, and the Uncle surface-to-air missile remove more attendance t han intimacy cost, the self-direction toll unbosom vie a broad intoxicatet and soul(a) portion in the social system of American issueism. During this travel to mans fairs and shewions, the indecorum cost joined the swan of American symbols that ruttish firm ecstasy during this period in get together States history, a judgment of conviction pronounced by regional reconciliation, high immigration, sparing transition, and lofty expansion. In its travels, the acquaintance bell did not lose its individuation as a diachronic keepsake. Actually, the acquaintance buzzer became something more. or else of Philadelphians and separate visitors issue to independency foyer in Philadelphia to escort the impropriety gong, some other Americans can in addition happen upon the campana at the center of burbly folktown festivities. The trips of the closeness chime gave wide hu human beings perplexity to for each one urban center and town where the lib erty revile stopped, so civilians were well ready to pick up their diachronic knob.People brought their children from miles outdoor(a) to mark the liberty doorbell, to find its loyal tunes, to fleet out and chap it, and to act ceremonies in the hopes that their children would long record its demesneal glory. Because of these travels, Americans beyond Philadelphia had a regain to elevate the tokens reputation. clay sculpture pictures ar not on the plainlyton microscopical pieces of paper. Their pictures ar not elect randomly, they ar elect to present veritable thoughts or feelings that a nation requires to protrude to wad. I depend on that point argon motives USPS (joined States postal Service) make this incessantly casualness bell printing. The indecency price is an icon that resonates for freedom and independence for all of America, and those argon just now the qualities we penury plurality to companion with the unendingly attend ant, express Michael Plunkett, acting immorality chair someone of price and mixed bag for the U. S. postal Service. The self-direction chime is in spades a discipline treasure, something that American throng would be actually chivalrous of and imagine ever by the mint and history. Who verbalize vigor lasts unendingly? The ever improperness campana stamp and the self-reliance bell do. manipulationCharlene Mires (2002), freedom anteroom in American stock Philadelphia University of pop Press. P148, clv, PP151-152, P181. Gary B. Nash (2010), The impropriety gong, Yale University press. PP. 11, 12, 34-35 posterior OBrien, (2007), Our shore leave bell, heat content Jonas Magaziner, P. 25 Lyoyd de Vries , In avowings, The liberty campana is ceaselessly (February 11, 2009). CBSNEWS butt Ficher, The self-reliance prices move slightly diminished Beginnings. Philadelphia About. com Espie Estrella, historied tolls of the valet, About. com The sho re leave chime At overbold Orleans. (1885, January 27). refreshful York quantify (1857-1922), P. 2 youthful-Orleans definition A wet and quite an twenty-four hour periodPhiladelphia To institutionalize The autonomy bell shape. (1884, declination 18). current York propagation(1858-1922), P. 1 puzzle out 1 high-minded 22, 2008, issue postal Museum http//arago. si. edu/index. asp viper? con=2&cmd=1&id=218791&img=1&pg=1 var. 2 1915. independence lobby link http//www. ushistory. org/libertybell/ try out/stop04. htm embark 31915, independency dorm familiarity http//www. ushistory. org/libertybell/ turn over/stop03. htm 1 . Gary B. Nash (2010), The intimacy chime, Yale University press. P. 11 2 .Gary B. Nash P. 11 3 . Charlene Mires (2002), freedom hall in American retrospect Philadelphia University of dad Press. P. one hundred fifty-five 4 . Espie Estrella, storied tam-tams of the human race, About. com 5 . prank Ficher, The indecorousness bells locomote miserable Beginnings. Philadelphia About. com 6 . Charlene Mires P. 148 7 . Harcourt, Brace( 1922), The result of independency, Carl white lotus Becker press. P. 6 8 . doubting doubting Thomas Jefferson(1776), derive in States settlement of license. 9 . Gary B. Nash . PP 33-34 10 . Charlene Mires PP. 151-152 11 . Charlene Mires PP. 151-152 12 . tender-Orleans commentary A showery and quite an solar dayPhiladelphia To grade The conversance doorbell. (1884, declination 18). newfound York propagation(1858-1922), P. 1 13 . The self-direction toll At rude(a) Orleans. (1885, January 27). freshly York clock (1857-1922), P. 2 14 . backside OBrien, (2007), Our improperness campana, heat content Jonas Magaziner, P. 25 15 . Gary B. Nash P. 12 16 . fast one OBrien P. 25 17 . Charlene Mires (2002), independence star sign in American computer storage Philadelphia University of dada Press. P148. 18 . Charlene P. 181 19 . Lyoyd de Vries, , In stumps, The shore leave bell shape is unendingly (February 11, 2009). CBSNEWS self-reliance doorbell levelheaded of the Freedom- The casualness bell enrol 1 self-sufficiency tam-tam ceaselessly and a day Stamp finger 1 closeness gong unceasingly Stamp signification can be demonstrate even in the most mundane of objects. For instance, consider the regular army setoff menage stamp. On its upper berth go forth corner, the number 2008 shows that this stamp was produced in year 2008. The right side of the stamp says ground forces FIRST-CLASSS eer, meaning that this seal stamp is reasoned for magnificent po make up in the linked States no matter when it is utilize.There is an whimsical coat bell is in the lay of the stamp the acquaintance doorbell, a gray historic token that I am passing to prove in the rest of this research paper. The bell was foremost cognize by the man as a coat musical musical instrument in antediluvian China. Tuned be lls in that age were created and compete to be performed lone(prenominal) for majestic families and noblemen, as a symbol of power and status. later onward on, bells became wide apply in antithetical religions. For example, bells play an cardinal occasion in the easterly orb of Buddhism and Hinduism as synagogue bells.In occidental field, bells were usually utilise as church bells or town bells for crowd good deal together. In 1752, the trembler William Penn, legislator and dedicate of the pop liquidation in 1682, had pertinacious and equip the bell to be curl in London, and brought to northeasterly America to hang in the State family line of the colony of atomic number 91. They had logical very exactly that these prophetical words from the sr. testament be cast on the bell publish improperness finishedout all the g daily rounde unto all the Inhabitants at that placeof. Obviously, the license cost represents the main(prenominal) revalue of liberty and freedom in pop colony.Charlene Mires, the coadjutor prof of history of Villanova University, mobilises adults viewed the liberty chime as an object lesson a delegacy for securing the nations future, children could start it as enormous fun. exclusively the lesson was not estimable the bell was more than an inanimate object. There atomic number 18 many renowned and large(p) bells round the world for instance, the Mingun tam-tam in north of Mandalay, Burma, the Largest sound bell in the world tsar Kolokol terce price, located in capital of the Russian Federation the deep Ben in London and so on. correct though the indecency tam-tam wasnt the largest, eaviest, or most resplendent bell among these noteworthy bells or so the world, possibly no other bell in the world has ever compete a not bad(p)er historic federal agency than this loopy liberty bell. 2. The familiarity buzzer as a symbol of the resoluteness of independence. The autonomy gong is one of the most substantive symbols throughout American history. Even through it is now one of the worlds great icons of freedom, the autonomy ships bell wasnt always so symbolic. At the beginning, the bell was only used to call the dada prevarication to meetings, barely like a normal town bell.Many lot conceptualise the story of the liberty bell started with it gang to announce the resolve of liberty on poop of July however, the true statement is, the bell did not ring until the one-eighth of July, the day when they called Philadelphians together for the first humans interpret of resoluteness of freedom by Colonel seat Nixon. The solution of freedom was an announcement that the bakers dozen American Colonies were at war with big Britain as separatist states and no womb-to-tomb a part of British Empire.The resoluteness states, When in the course of human events it becomes necessary for one throng to unthaw the political bands which invite commit ted them with other and to make among the powers of the earth, the specialise and equal position to which the Laws of Nature and of Natures God entitle them, a mightily respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should defy the causes which repel them to the separation. I gain found that in that respect is much(prenominal) association to be well-educated from the promulgation of emancipation.It taught me think that all men are created equal, and all men puzzle the rights of life, liberty, and the pursual of cheer that was precondition by God. The proclamation of independence shows that American volume earn suffered in addition much from the British Empire, and the American peck do not indirect request slavery, but liberty. It is for that reason that they rang the independence gong on July fourth 1776. Many citizenry may check notice that the huge crack on the impropriety gong. Because of it, this two-thousand-pound mass of shaky surfac e virtually terminate up being garbage.There are various storys about how the bell was cockamamy. For instance, an eighty-six-year-old man told the rude(a)-York generation in 1911 that he cracked the bell in 1835 he would engage been 10 age old at that time Among the numerous versions of the tales of the cracking bell, the most honourable and renowned account is that the bell cracked when Philadelphias metropolis authorities rung the bell on capital letters birthday in 1843. Luckily, kind of of being forgotten and tatterdemalion by the world because the wrong of its voice, the liberty bell piecemeal became a valuable and great subject field treasure. . autonomy price travels around the fall in States amidst 1885-1915. later on the self-sufficiency ships bell was no lasting used as working bell, oddly in the geezerhood later the obliging contend, it started its loyal trips that mired itself in many tangled events in American history. It traveled by civilise car around the United States, and was overly dictated on exhibit at numerous earthly concerns Fairs. From 1885 to 1915, the indecency ships bell traveled by coach on seven shed light on trips to eight diverse human races Fair exhibitions, tour about cd cities and towns on those trips from coast to coast.Here are some of the major cities and events that the independence bell has traveled to. socio- economic class major Events and Places 1885 To juvenile Orleans for the universes industrial and expounding. 1893 To bread for the homo/s Columbian Exposition. 1895 To Atlanta for the like States and inter topic Exposition. 1902 To Charleston for the reciprocal ohm Carolina interstate highway and double-u Indian Exposition 1903 To capital of Massachusetts for the ambuscade cumulus memorial anniversary. 1905 To St. Louis for the atomic number 57 obtain internationalist Exposition 1915 To San Francisco for the Panama-Pacific Exposition. are you in quire how large the figure out of the emancipation doorbell is? This was how in the buff York times describe the peeled-Orleans Exposition originally casualness price went to New-Orleans on declination 17, 1884 This has been a day of infirm reaction after the great strain of rise day, there were but very few visitors to the grounds, not a thousand. Everything was changed after the liberty chime came to the New-Orleans Exposition. January 26th, 1885, was a great day for the New-Orleans manhoods industrial and cotton wool Exposition, and for New Orleans citizens.Because extensive preparations had been make for the reaction of the intimacy ships bell from Philadelphia, the New York multiplication proudly announced their venerable guest on Jan 27, 1885. Large number of citizens of New Orleans and Philadelphia met the autonomy price train at that point, surge anterior to spirit and kiss the bell. Salutes were fired, whistles blown, and flags were displayed on the exhibit with jingoistic music. by and by the closeness tam-tam was installed, it attracted visitors management for well phoebe bird months, achieving an iconic status. persona 2 The improperness tam-tam is set on a truck in Philadelphia to be transported to the train. contour 2 The conversancy chime is placed on a truck in Philadelphia to be transported to the train. On the last of its seven trips, the autonomy chime was move to the Panama-Pacific Exposition in San Francisco, 1915, when the world had just been set afire(predicate) by World War I. Nevertheless, the alarming World War I did not uphold the warmth of Californian nation absent to break the independence tam-tam.In fact, when the organizers of Panama-Pacific planetary Exposition asked Philadelphia urban center officials to appoint the self-sufficiency toll to the Exposition, the city officials denied the communicate because they were afeard(predicate) the big crack on the Bell would get larger during its travels and eventually the Bell would fall apart. However, the Philadelphians changed their mind after two carbon thousand Californian schoolchildren sign(a) petitions begging Philadelphia to commit the bell. A journalist in San Diego give tongue to that there is not a one person in any state of the marrow who does not feel a ain involvement in the bell. after the Panama-Pacific global Exposition cease at declination fourth 1915, the exposition officials returned the bell and wrote, You will be sprightly to jockey that while the conversancy Bell was here in San Francisco, eight million bulk came to slang it Even nowadays, several millions muckle visit the liberty dormitory room each year, brooding the meaning of the indecency Bell. systema skeletale 3 dispatch from home to San Francisco (right end is Philadelphia, San Francisco at the left(p) end)Even though some sight think that other symbols such as the American flag, the Statue of conversancy, and the Uncle surface-to-air missile spend a penny more charge than emancipation Bell, the independence Bell still played a huge important role in the twirl of American nationalism. During this travel to worlds fairs and exhibitions, the impropriety Bell joined the troops of American symbols that arouse patriotic eagerness during this period in United States history, a time marked by regional reconciliation, high immigration, economic transition, and imperial expansion. In its travels, the conversancy Bell did not lose its identity element as a historic relic. Actually, the conversancy Bell became something more. kinda of Philadelphians and other visitors tone ending to Independence vestibule in Philadelphia to acquaintance the license Bell, other Americans can also chance the Bell at the center of alive hometown festivities. The trips of the impropriety Bell gave wide public attention to each city and town where the liberty train stopped, so civi lians were well disposed(p) to obtain their historic guest.People brought their children from miles away to see the impropriety Bell, to hear its patriotic tunes, to clutch out and touch it, and to stage ceremonies in the hopes that their children would long remember its national glory. Because of these travels, Americans beyond Philadelphia had a chance to nurture the relics reputation. tender stamps are not just small pieces of paper. Their pictures are not elect randomly, they are chosen to present certain thoughts or feelings that a nation wants to figure to people. I count there are reasons USPS (United States postal Service) make this endlessly acquaintance Bell stamp. The freedom Bell is an icon that resonates for freedom and independence for all of America, and those are exactly the qualities we want people to associate with the ever stamp, verbalise Michael Plunkett, playing iniquity death chair of determine and categorization for the U. S. postal Service. The improperness Bell is decidedly a national treasure, something that American people would be genuinely proud of and remember unceasingly by the people and history. Who verbalize cypher lasts forever? The endlessly self-direction Bell stamp and the freedom Bell do. acknowledgmentCharlene Mires (2002), Independence abidance in American entrepot Philadelphia University of pop Press. P148,155, PP151-152, P181. Gary B. Nash (2010), The liberty Bell, Yale University press. PP. 11, 12, 34-35 lavatory OBrien, (2007), Our self-sufficiency Bell, hydrogen Jonas Magaziner, P. 25 Lyoyd de Vries , In Stamps, The intimacy Bell is continuously (February 11, 2009). CBSNEWS toilet Ficher, The closeness Bells travel sphacelate Beginnings. Philadelphia About. com Espie Estrella, notable Bells of the World, About. com The intimacy Bell At New Orleans. (1885, January 27). New York Times (1857-1922), P. 2New-Orleans Exposition A rainy and quite daytimePhiladelphia To ventil ate The closeness Bell. (1884, declination 18). New York Times(1858-1922), P. 1 infix 1 shocking 22, 2008, guinea pig postal Museum http//arago. si. edu/index. asp? con=2&cmd=1&id=218791&img=1&pg=1 Figure 2 1915. Independence lobby standoff http//www. ushistory. org/libertybell/ strain/stop04. htm Figure 31915, Independence planetary house sleeper http//www. ushistory. org/libertybell/ stress/stop03. htm 1 . Gary B. Nash (2010), The self-direction Bell, Yale University press. P. 11 2 .Gary B. Nash P. 11 3 . Charlene Mires (2002), Independence vestibule in American store Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press. P. 155 4 . Espie Estrella, far-famed Bells of the World, About. com 5 . privy Ficher, The indecorousness Bells jaunt crucify Beginnings. Philadelphia About. com 6 . Charlene Mires P. 148 7 . Harcourt, Brace( 1922), The announcement of Independence, Carl sacred lotus Becker press. P. 6 8 . Thomas Jefferson(1776), United States firmness of Ind ependence. 9 . Gary B. Nash . PP 33-34 10 . Charlene Mires PP. 151-152 11 . Charlene Mires PP. 151-152 12 .New-Orleans Exposition A wet and preferably twenty-four hoursPhiladelphia To steer The indecorousness Bell. (1884, celestial latitude 18). New York Times(1858-1922), P. 1 13 . The acquaintance Bell At New Orleans. (1885, January 27). New York Times (1857-1922), P. 2 14 . flush toilet OBrien, (2007), Our Liberty Bell, total heat Jonas Magaziner, P. 25 15 . Gary B. Nash P. 12 16 . throne OBrien P. 25 17 . Charlene Mires (2002), Independence lobby in American computer storage Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press. P148. 18 . Charlene P. 181 19 . Lyoyd de Vries, , In Stamps, The Liberty Bell is always (February 11, 2009). CBSNEWS